Overview
The aim of this study is to evaluate analgesic effects Bupivacaine, Bupivacaine plus Dexmedetomidine and Bupivacaine plus Fentanyl in relieving pain after knee arthroscopic surgery.
Description
Assuming that the mean and standard deviation of visual analogue scale (VAS) of dexmedetomidine group is 1.7 0.86 versus fentanyl group is 2.6 1.22 at confidence interval 95% and power 80%. So, the total sample size is 45 patients (15 in each group) using Open Epi program.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria:
- either sex, age 21-45 years, American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) I - II for elective knee arthroscopy.
Exclusion Criteria:
- The patients with history of hepatic and renal diseases, psychiatric disorders, prolonged intake of (NSAIDS, opioids and tricyclic antidepressant), allergy to study drugs and patient who received analgesics up to 24 hr. before surgery were excluded from this study.